root/lex/trunk/etc/LexicalClasses.txt

1. Existence
1.1. General: To exist/to continue to exist
1.2. To begin to exist [be, live]
1.2.1. To cause something to exist [create, make]
1.3. To exist in the perception of others [appear]
1.3.1. To cause something to exist in the perception of others [show]
1.4. To exist in time (becoming real) [happen]
1.4.1. To cause something to exist in time [induce, provoke]
1.4.1.1. To cause something to exist in time in a particular way [precipitate, hasten]
1.4.1.2. To cause something to happen, making it possible [allow, permit]
1.4.1.3. To cause something not to happen [prevent, avoid, stifle, smother]
1.5. To exist as something
1.5.1. To exist as the representation of something else [represent, express]
1.5.1.1. To cause something to exist as a representation of something [copy, reproduce]
1.5.2. To exist as a part of something [comprise, constitute]
1.6. To begin to exist [start, commence, be born]
1.6.1. To cause to begin to exist [start, commence]
1.6.1.1. To cause to be born [abort]
1.6.2. To begin to exist in the perception of others [arise,jorm]
1.6.3. To begin to exist in time (becoming real) [start, originate]
1.6.3.1. To cause something to begin to exist in time [start, initiate]
1.7. To continue to exist [last, endure]
1.7.1. To stop something from continuing [interrupt]
1.8. To stop existing [die]
1.8.1. To cause somebody/something to stop existing [kill, murder]
1.8.2. To stop existing in the perception of others [disappear, vanish]
1.8.2.1. To cause something to stop existing in perception of others [erase, delete]
1.8.2.2. To stop existing in time [end, finish, cease]
1.8.2.3. To cause something to stop existing in time [end, finish, cease]

2. Movement
2.1. General [move, go, come]
2.1.1. To move in a particular way
2.1.1.1. To move quickly [speed, race, hurry]
2.1.1.1.1. To cause somebody/something to move quickly [speed, race, hurry]
2.1.1.2. To move slowly [slow, lumber, trundle]
2.1.1.2.1. To cause something to move slowly [slow, brake, rein]
2.1.1.3. To move slightly [stir]
2.1.1.4. To move smoothly, easily [glide, slide]
2.1.1.4.1. To cause something to move smoothly, easily [glide, slide]
2.1.1.5. To move (forward) suddenly [leap, lunge]
2.1.1.6. To move in a circular manner [circle, turn, spin]
2.1.1.6.1. To cause something to move in a circular manner [circle, turn, spin]
2.1.1.7. To move from side to side/back and forth/up and down repeatedly [swing, rock, shake]
2.1.1.7.1. To cause something to move from side to side/back and forth/up and down repeatedly [swing, rock, shake]
2.1.1.8. To move from an upright position [lean, bend]
2.1.1.8.1. To cause something to move from an upright position [lean, bend]
2.1.2. To move off/away
2.1.2.1. To move off/away from a place/thing/person [separate, leave]
2.1.2.1.1. To cause somebody/something to move away from a place/thing/person [send, separate, remove]
2.1.2.1.1.1. To cause somebody/something to go away because it is not wanted any more [discard, scrap]
2.1.3. To move towards a place [go, travel, advance]
2.1.3.1. To cause somebody/something to move towards a place [advance]
2.1.3.2. To move towards a common point, coming together [meet, join, gather]
2.1.3.2.1. To cause people/things to come together at a common point [join, gather, assemble]
2.1.3.3. To move backward [back, reverse]
2.1.3.3.1. To cause something to move backward [back, reverse]
2.1.3.4. To move upwards [rise, ascend]
2.1.3.4.1. To cause somebody/something to move upwards [raise, lift]
2.1.3.5. To move downwards [fall, drop]
2.1.3.5.1. To cause something to move downwards [lower, drop]
2.1.4. To move across [cross]
2.1.5. To move over/through [pass, clear]
2.1.5.1. To cause something to move over/through something [pass]
2.1.6. To move in a different direction [turn, twist, bend]
2.1.6.1. To cause something to move in a different direction [turn, twist, bend]
2.1.7. To move about in no particular direction [wander, drift]
2.1.8. To move in relation to somebody/something
2.1.8.1. To move together [accompany]
2.1.8.1.1. To cause people/animals to move together [herd]
2.1.8.1.2. To cause somebody/something to go with you [take, bring]
2.1.8.1.3. To move with somebody, going before [lead]
2.1.8.1.4. To move with somebody, going after/behind [follow]
2.1.8.2. To come together [join, connect]
2.1.8.2.1. To cause to come together [join, connect]
2.1.8.3. To move slower in relation to somebody/something [lag, trail]
2.1.8.4. To move towards and beyond somebody/something [pass]
2.1.8.5. To move round in order to be on all sides of [surround, circle]
2.1.8.6. To move out in all directions [spread, scatter]
2.1.8.6.1. To cause to move out in all directions [spread, scatter]
2.1.8.6.2. To move apart [separate, divide]
2.1.8.6.2.1. To cause something to move apart from something else [separate, divide]
2.1.8.6.2.2. To come apart [break, disintegrate]
2.1.8.6.2.2.1. To cause something to come apart [break, disintegrate]
2.1.8.7. To move back and forth between places
2.1.8.7.1. To cause somebody/something to move back and forth between places
2.1.8.8. To move into a place [enter]
2.1.8.8.1. To cause somebody/something to move into a place [enter]
2.1.8.8.2. To move into a building by force [burgle]
2.1.8.9. To move out of a p1ace [emerge]
2.1.8.10. To move to a different place/position [change, switch, transfer]
2.1.8.10.1. To cause somebody/something to move to a different place/position [change, switch, transfer]
2.1.8.10.2. To move somebody/something to a different place/position by holding and drawing them along with force [pull, drag]
2.1.8.10.3. To move somebody/something to a different place/position by holding by walking behind them and exerting force on them, esp. with one's hands [push, shove]
2.1.9. To not move any more, after having moved [stop, halt]
2.1.9.1. To cause somebody/something to not move any more, after having moved [stop, halt]
2.2. Liquid
2.2.1. To move as liquid in a particular way [flow, ripple]
2.2.1.1. To move slowly in small quantities [drip, dribble]
2.2.1.2. To move quickly in large quantities [pour, gush, flood]
2.2.1.2.1. To cause a liquid to move quickly in large quantities [pour, flood]
2.2.1.3. To move through an opening [squirt, spurt]
2.2.1.3.1. To cause a liquid to move through an opening [squirt, spurt]
2.2.1.3.2. To cause (liquid) to go in [inject]
2.2.2. To move in/downward below the surface of a liquid [sink, plunge]
2.2.2.1. To cause somebody/something to move in/downwards below the surface of a liquid [sink, plunge, dip]
2.2.2.2. To move in liquid using parts of the body [swim, paddle]
2.2.3. To move over liquid [sail, cruise]
2.2.3.1. To cause something to move over liquid [launch, sail, paddle]
2.2.3.2. To move over liquid in no particular direction [float, drift]
2.2.4. To move upwards to the surface ofa liquid [surface]
2.2.4.1. To cause something to move upwards to the surface of a liquid [surface]
2.3. Atmosphere
2.3.1. To move as air [blow]
2.3.2. To move through the air [fly, flutter, float]
2.3.2.1. To cause something to move through the air [fly, float]
2.3.3. To move upwards in the air [rise, soar]
2.3.4. To move downwards in the air [swoop, dive]
2.4. Land
2.4.1. To move in a particular way [skulk, creep, scamper]
2.4.1.1. To move using one's feet [walk]
2.4.1.1.1. To move quickly using one's feet [run]
2.4.1.1.2. To move up and down using one's feet [Jump]
2.4.1.2. To move downwards to the ground [fall]
2.4.2. To cause somebody/something to move downwards to the ground [trip, tumble]
2.4.3. To move one's body [gesture, exercise]
2.4.3.1. To move one's body from side to side [squirm, wriggle]
2.4.3.2. To move one's body by raising it [stand]
2.4.3.3. To move one's body by lowering it [sit, bend]
2.4.3.4. To move a part of one's body [duck, lick, wave]

3. Position (To be in a particular state/condition/position without moving/changing)
3.1. To be in a particular/state/condition/position without moving/changing [stay, lie]
3.1.1. To cause somebody/something to stay in a particular state/condition/position [keep, maintain]
3.1.1.1. To cause somebody to be in a particu1ar place/position [put, place]
3.1.1.1.1. To put things together [join, attach]
3.1.1.1.2. To put many things together [pool]
3.1.1.1.3. To put something around something else [wrap]
3.1.1.1.4. To put something on (the surface of) something else [cover, spread]
3.1.1.1.4.1. To cover something with something else to protect it/make it more attractive [paint, coat]
3.1.1.1.4.2. To cover somebody/something so that it cannot be seen [enshroud, cloak]
3.1.1.1.5. To put something on top of something else [pile]
3.1.1.1.6. To put something in/onto something else [insert, fill]
3.1.1.1.7. To put something in a particular position/order [arrange, classify]
3.1.1.1.8. To put somebody/something ill the place of somebody/something else [replace, substitute]
3.1.1.1.9. To put somebody/something in a bad situation [risk, endanger]

4. Contact
4.1. To come into contact with somebody/something [hit]
4.1.1. To hit somebody/something hard and continuously for a long time [beat, batter]
4.1.2. To hit a ball [slice, hook]
4.1.3. To hit against something [collide]
4.1.3.1. To cause something to hit against something [crash, ground]
4.1.4. To not hit [miss]

5. Change (To begin to be different)
5.1. To become [change]
5.1.1. To change somebody/something [vary, transform]
5.1.2. To change by increasing (becoming more) [grow, increase]
5.1.2.1. To cause something to change by increasing it [increase, augment]
5.1.3. To change by decreasing (becoming less) [lessen, decrease, diminish]
5.1.3.1. To cause something to change by decreasing it (making it less) [lessen, decrease, reduce, diminish]
5.1.4. To change becoming better [improve]
5.1.4.1. To cause something to change by making it better [improve, enhance]
5.1.4.2. To cause something to change by making physically more attractive [decorate, adorn]
5.1.4.3. To cause something to change by making it better/right again [correct, fix, amend]
5.1.4.4. To cause something to change by making it better/free of something bad [clean, purify, cure]
5.1.5. To change by becoming worse [worsen, deteriorate, spoil]
5.1.5.1. To cause something to change by making it worse [worsen, deteriorate, spoil]
5.1.5.2. To cause something to change by making it less good/attractive/satisfactory [harm, damage]
5.1.5.3. To cause something to change by making it impure/dangerous/ dirty [dirty, defile, pollute]
5.1.6. To change in time [age]
5.1.6.1. To cause something to change in time [age]
5.1.7. To change in appearance
5.1.7.1. To change color [color, redden]
5.1.7.1.1. To cause something change color [color, redden]
5.1.7.2. To change in texture [coarsen]
5.1.7.2.1. To cause something to change in texture [smooth, crumple]
5.1.7.3. To change in state [solidify, liquefy]
5.1.7.3.1. To cause something to change in state [solidify, liquefy]
5.1.8. To change, becoming like something else [normalize]
5.1.8.1. To cause something to change, making it like something else [standardize, normalize]

6. Perception (To become aware of the existence of somebody/something)
6.1. General perception (all senses): to become aware [perceive, find, discover]
6.2. Visual perception (To become aware by using one's eyes) [see, look]
6.2.1. To see (notice, observe)
6.2.2. To see intentionally [distinguish, discern]
6.2.2.1. To see intentionally, directing one's eyes [gaze, stare]
6.2.3. To be seen [show]
6.2.3.1. To cause somebody/something to be seen [show]
6.2.4. To not see [be blind]
6.2.4.1. To cause somebody to be unable to see [blind, dazzle]
6.2.4.2. To cause something not to be seen any more [hide, conceal]
6.3. Tactile perception (To become aware by using one's hands) [touch]
6.4. Olfactory perception (To become aware through one's nose) [smell, scent]
6.4.1. To cause somebody to become aware of something through one's nose [smell, stink]
6.5. Auditory perception (To become aware through one's ears)
6.5.1. To perceive something with one's ears [hear]
6.5.2. To hear intentionally [listen]
6.6. Taste perception (To become aware through one's mouth) [taste]

7. Cognition (to become aware through one's mind) [know]
7.1. To become aware of something, (having it) in one's mind [know]
7.1.1. To come to know something [learn]
7.1.1.1. To cause somebody to learn [teach]
7.1.1.2. To cause something to be known [show]
7.1.2. To know the nature/meaning of something [understand]
7.1.2.1. To cause somebody to understand something [enlighten, illuminate]
7.1.2.2. To cause something to be understood better [clarify]
7.1.2.3. To understand with difficulty [grasp]
7.1.2.4. To not understand [mistake]
7.1.2.4.1. To cause somebody not to understand/understand with difficulty
7.2. To use one's mind to become (more) aware of something in a certain way [think about]
7.2.1. To think about something bringing it back into one's mind from the past [remember]
7.2.2. To think about something that has happened in the past [reflect]
7.2.3. To think about something (usu. in order to understand it better [meditate]
7.2.4. To think about something in order to make a decision (in the future) [consider]
7.3. To use one's mind to form an opinion/idea [think (0.1)]
7.3.1. To think something, having formed an opinion/come to a decision about it [decide]
7.3.2. To think something is true [believe]
7.3.3. To think something is going to happen [expect]
7.3.4. To think something is likely to be true [suppose]
7.3.5. To think without knowing if it is true [guess]
7.3.6. To think something may not be true [doubt]
7.3.7. To think (of) something, forming it in one's mind as an idea/picture [imagine]

8. Feeling (to become aware of something other than by sight, having a sensation)
8.1. To feel something bad [suffer]
8.1.1. To cause somebody to feel something bad [punish]
8.2. To feel something good [enjoy]
8.3. To feel sadness [grieve]
8.3.1. To cause somebody to feel sadness [sadden, grieve, distress]
8.4. To feel happiness [delight in, thrill, rejoice]
8.4.1. To cause somebody to feel happiness [please, gladden, thrill]
8.5. To feel aversion [dislike, hate, detest]
8.5.1. To cause somebody to feel physical aversion [disgust]
8.5.2. To cause somebody to feel emotional aversion [anger, enrage]
8.6. To feel attraction [like, love, admire]
8.6.1. To cause somebody to feel attraction [attract, fascinate, interest]
8.6.2. To feel a loss of attraction [tire, weary]
8.6.2.1. To cause somebody to feel a loss of attraction [tire, weary]
8.7. To feel something bad in one's body [hurt, ache]
8.7.1. To cause somebody to feel something bad in their body [hurt, wound]
8.7.2. To cause somebody to feel less pain [alleviate, assuage]
8.8. To feel fear [fear, dread, worry]
8.8.1. To cause somebody to feel fear £frighten, scare, terrify]
8.8.1.1. to cause somebody feel less fear/anger [calm, soothe]
8.9. To feel surprise [wonder, marvel]
8.9.1. To cause somebody to feel surprise [surprise, astonish, amaze]
8.10. To feel shame
8.10.1. To cause somebody to feel shame [shame, disgrace, embarrass]
8.11. To feel a need to do something or to have/get something [want, wish, desire]

9. Speech [say, speak, talk)
9.1. To say something in a particular way
9.1.1. To say something formally [address, state, declare]
9.1.2. To say something informally [gossip, chat]
9.1.3. To say something firmly [insist, emphasize]
9.1.4. To say something precisely [specify]
9.1.5. To say something briefly [mention]
9.1.6. To say something again [repeat]
9.1.7. To say something with difficulty [stutter, stammer]
9.1.8. To say something quickly/continuously [chatter, babble]
9.1.9. To say something suddenly/1oudly [exclaim, shout]
9.1.10. To say something in a soft way [whisper]
9.1.11. To say something angrily [snarl]
9.1.12. To say something unhappily in a dissatisfied way [complain, lament]
9.1.13. To say something in a proud way [boast, brag]
9.1.14. To say something in a rude way [insult]
9.2. To say something
9.2.1. To say something is the case (positive things)
9.2.1.1. To say yes to somebody/something [accept, agree]
9.2.1.2. To say that something is true [acknowledge, admit]
9.2.1.2.1. To say that something will happen [foretell, predict]
9.2.1.2.2. To say that something is certain [promise, guarantee]
9.2.1.3. To say positive things about somebody/something
9.2.1.3.1. To say positive things, speaking favorably [praise, extol]
9.2.1.3.2. To say positive things, saying that something should be considered [suggest, advise]
9.2.2. To say something is not the case (negative things)
9.2.2.1. To say no to somebody/something [refuse, reject]
9.2.2.2. To say negative things about somebody/something [criticize, slander]
9.2.2.2.1. To say negative things so that others will laugh [ridicule]
9.2.2.3. To say something bad may happen [warn, threaten]
9.2.3. To say something without knowing if it is the case [guess]
9.3. To say something for a particular purpose/ with a specific result
9.3.1. To say something to somebody so that they will do it [direct, order]
9.3.1.1. To say something to somebody else to put an idea in their mind [suggest]
9.3.2. To say something in order to get something else [ask, request]
9.3.2.1. To say something in question form in order to get an answer [ask, question]
9.3.2.1.1. To say something in return to something [answer]
9.3.2.1.2. To say something not in return to something [remark, comment]
9.3.3. To say something to somebody to tell them about it
9.3.3.1. To say something expressing an opinion or judgement one has arrived at [reason]
9.3.3.2. To say something to somebody so that they will remember it [remind]
9.3.3.3. To say something to somebody so that they will know it [inform, notify]
9.3.3.4. To say something to somebody giving an account [describe]
9.3.3.5. To say the main points of [outline]
9.3.3.6. To say something to somebody else, talking it over from several points of view [discuss]
9.4. To say something by a particular means [telephone]
9.5. To say something in a different language [translate]

10. Sound
10.1. Sound produced by living creatures
10.1.1. To make a sound by speaking
10.1.1.1. To make a loud sound [shout]
10.1.1.2. To make a soft sound [murmur]
10.1.1.3. To make a sound indicating an emotion
10.1.1.3.1. unhappiness [cry, whine]
10.1.1.3.2. happmess [laugh]
10.1.1.3.3. disapproval [hoot, boo]
10.1.2. To make a sound related to body conditions
10.1.2.1. To make a sound by breathing [sigh]
10.1.2.1.1. To make a sound by breathing quickly and audibly [gasp, puff]
10.1.2.2. To make a sound by expelling air
10.1.2.2.1. To make a sound by expelling air from one's throat [cough, burp]
10.1.2.2.2. To make a sound by expelling air from one's nose [sneeze, snort]
10.1.2.2.3. To make a sound by expelling air through one's anus [fart]
10.1.2.3. To make a sound by inhaling air [sniff]
10.1.3. To make a sound like an animal
10.1.3.1. To make a sound like a wild/angry animal [growl, howl]
10.1.3.2. To make a sound like a domestic animal [bark, meow]
10.1.3.3. To make a sound like a bird [chirp, squawk]
10.1.3.4. To make a sound like an insect [buzz]
10.2. Sounds produced by Nature [bubble, rustle]
10.3. Sounds produced by objects
10.3.1. To make a musical sound [ring, chime]
10.3.2. To make a metallic sound [clink, clank]
10.3.3. To make a frictional sound [rasp, grate]
10.3.4. To make a punctual, explosive sound [crash, bang]
10.3.5. To make a dull, punctual sound
10.3.5.1. Something hitting against something else [thud, thump]
10.3.5.2. Something heavy hitting against liquid [splash]
10.3.6. To make a durative sound [roar, boom]
10.3.7. To make an iterative, sibilant sound [rustle, swish]

11. Light
11.1. To give off 1ight/be bright [shine]
11.1.1. To shine brightly [glare, blaze]
11.1.2. To shine softly/faintly [shimmer, glimmer]
11.1.3. To shine steadily [beam]
11.1.4. To shine unsteadily [flicker]
11.1.5. To cause something to give off light/be bright [shine, illuminate]
11.2. To be/become without light [darken, dim]

12. Possession
12.1. To have something [possess, own, hold]
12.1.1. To come to have something [get, obtain]
12.1.1.1. To get something as a result of force/skill [take, capture]
12.1.1.2. To get something through effort/as a reward [gain, earn]
12.1.1.3. To get something after it has been given/sent to you [receive]
12.1.1.4. To get a large number of things over a period of time [collect, accumulate]
12.1.1.5. To get something back after it has been lost/stolen [recover]
12.1.2. To continue to have something [keep, save]
12.1.2.1. To have something within as a part [contain, include]
12.1.2.2. To cause something to have something as a part [include, incorporate]
12.1.2.2.1. To not include [omit, exclude]
12.1.3. To stop having [lose]
12.1.3.1. To cause to stop having [take, steal]
12.1.4. To cause somebody/something to have [give]
12.1.4.1. To give something fonnally fpresent, confer]
12.1.4.2. To give something, having the power/authority to do so [concede]
12.1.4.3. To give something in return for something else [exchange, trade]
12.1.4.4. To give something in return for something good done [reward, honor, bestow]
12.1.4.5. To give money in return for something [pay]
12.1.4.6. To give somebody/something what is needed [provide, supply]
12.1.4.7. To give something for use after death [leave, bequeath]
12.1.4.8. To give something in shares/units to many people [distribute]
12.1.4.9. To cause somebody/something to have more money [enrich]
12.2. To not have [lack]

13. Action
13.1. To do something [perform]
13.1.1. To start to do something [undertake]
13.1.2. To continue doing something [proceed]
13.1.3. To do something bringing it to a finish [accomplish, finish]
13.1.4. To do something again [repeat]
13.1.5. To do something well [succeed]
13.1.6. To do something badly [botch]
13.1.7. To do something in particular [work]
13.1.7.1. To stop working [retire]
13.1.7.1.1. To cause somebody to stop working [retire]
13.1.8. To do something for somebody [help]
13.2. To not do something [fail, neglect]
13.2.1. To cause somebody not to do something [prevent]
13.2.2. To stop doing something [end, finish]
13.2.3. To make an effort in order to be able to do something [try, attempt]
13.3. To do something for a particular purpose [act]
13.3.1. To cause somebody to do something [influence]
13.3.2. To do something to cause enjoyment [amuse]
13.3.3. To do something to cause suffering [punish]
13.3.4. To do something to get a certain resuh [deal with, use]
13.3.4.1. To use something without the right to do so [pirate]
13.3.4.2. To use a writing instrument [write, scribble]
13.3.4.3. To use something until it is finished [consume, exhaust]
13.3.4.3.1. To cause somebody to consume something [drug, dope]
13.3.4.4. To use one's teeth to cut through something [bite]
13.3.4.5. To use violence against somebody/something to hurt/damage [fight, attack]
13.4. To make something [create]
13.4.1. To make something as a result of a natural process [sweat]
13.4.2. To make something by doing something [produce]
13.4.3. To make something in a particular way [fashion]
13.4.4. To make something in a particular place [manufacture]
13.4.5. To make something as a representation of something else [copy]